Traditional theories of counseling have sought to explain events through causality. Following this rationale, Event A would cause Event B which would cause Event C, and so on. Traditional beliefs, however, which include the belief that individuals develop in stages toward progress often fail to recognize the vast differences in environment and experience that each individual has.

Is There a Reality at All?

When viewed through a system theory lens, there is no objective reality. Individuals construct their versions of reality based on their unique experiences. Even a trained counselor cannot determine their client's, or student's, "true reality" since they bring their own experiences, values, and beliefs to the table.

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